| 许锦英,盛雪鹤,刘孟雪,等.皖南地区18所公立医院β-内酰胺类抗菌药物皮肤过敏试验现状分析[J].安徽医药,2017,21(5):943-947. |
| 皖南地区18所公立医院β-内酰胺类抗菌药物皮肤过敏试验现状分析 |
| Analysis of the dermal sensitivity test of β-lactam antibiotics during 18 public hospitals in Anhui southern area |
| 投稿时间：2016-11-13 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: β-内酰胺类抗菌药物 药品说明书 皮肤过敏试验 |
| 英文关键词: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析、评价β-内酰胺类抗菌药物皮肤过敏试验现状,为此类药物临床应用的安全性提供相关参考建议。方法 调查皖南地区18所公立医院目前在用的该类药物说明书及对该类药物皮试相关要求,结合文献对该类药物皮试现状进行统计、分析、评价。结果 45种该类药物的药品说明书中,有18种在说明书中明确注明要皮试(40.00%),14种注明皮试用药(31.10%)。18所公立医院对该类药物中的青霉素类抗菌药物皮试要求基本一致；青霉素+酶抑制剂类,是否皮试基本达成共识,皮试液浓度和皮试用药未达成共识；碳青霉烯及单环类抗菌药物均不做皮试；头孢菌素类和头霉素抗菌药物皮试要求差异较大(用药为原液、头孢唑林钠或不做皮试)；对于该类口服制剂要求均为“原则上给予皮肤过敏试验”。结论 青霉素类药物使用前必须皮试,皮试液浓度为300 mg·L-1或500 mg·L-1；青霉素+酶抑制剂类,建议使用前按照规定进行皮试,皮试液浓度为300 mg·L-1或500 mg·L-1,皮试用药为青霉素；头孢菌素类、头孢菌素+酶抑制剂类和头霉素类,是否皮试、皮试用药及浓度要求仍存在较大争议；碳青霉烯类及单环类不做皮试。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the statusof the skin test of β-lactam antibiotics andprovide guidance for the clinical safety of these drugs.Methods By investigatingthe currentdrug instructionsand related requirements of β-lactam antibioticsin 18 public hospitals in southern Anhui Province,the status of the skin test,combined with the literature with statistics were analyzed and evaluated.Results Among the 45 instruction of β-lactam antibiotics,18 of them were clearly declared the skin test (40.00%) and 14 were marked with skin test(31.10%).The survey showed that in all of the 18 hospitals,the skin test forpenicillin are basically the same.For carbapenems and monocyclic antimicrobial reach a consensus.And carbapenems and monocyclic antibiotics do not do skin test.There werestill have disputes inthe skin test requirements of the cephalosporin andcephamycin.For oral administration of these compounds,therequirements were to follow“To have dermal sensitivity test in principle”.Conclusions The skin testshould bedone before using Penicillin,which is also suggestedbefore usingmycamycinand enzyme inhibitors.All skin test concentration is 300 mg·L-1 or 500 mg·L-1.It is still a big controversy that if cephalosporins and cephamycin antibiotics should do skin test before use.For carbapenems and monocyclic antibiotics do not do skin test. |
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