| 董坤,杨永坚,张枫.某市三级医院放射工作人员个人剂量监测及放射知识培训干预研究[J].安徽医药,2018,22(9):1701-1705. |
| 某市三级医院放射工作人员个人剂量监测及放射知识培训干预研究 |
| Investigation on the individual dose of occupational exposure for radiation workers of 3 hospitals in a city and the intervention effects of the radiation knowledge training |
| 投稿时间：2017-09-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 放射工作人员 个人剂量监测 放射知识培训 |
| 英文关键词: Radiation worker Individual dose surveillance Radiation knowledge training |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解某市三级医院放射工作人员职业性外照射个人剂量,分析放射知识培训干预效果及其影响因素,为职业健康防护提供科学依据。方法 选取某市三家三级医院在2008年10月至2013年10月期间连续工作5年的79名放射人员为个人剂量监测研究对象,以及在2012年10月至2014年10月期间连续工作2年的154名放射人员为放射知识培训干预研究对象。采用《医疗放射工作人员调查表》对所有研究对象进行现场问卷调查,了解研究对象基本情况、工作相关情况等；采用《放射知识调查表》对放射知识培训干预研究对象于培训前后分别进行现场问卷调查,了解放射危害知识、放射防护知识、放射法律法规知识得分情况。采用热释光剂量计检测放射工作人员职业性外照射个人剂量,佩戴于左胸前,佩戴周期为3个月,每年4个周期。结果 (1)个人剂量监测研究结果:5年间总检测395人次,其人均年剂量当量为(0.90±0.36) mSv·a-1,远低于《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》中的限制水平(20 mSv·a-1)。不同岗位、工种、每周工作时间的放射工作人员之间人均年剂量当量比较,均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。(2)放射知识培训干预研究结果:不同工种的放射工作人员之间放射知识培训干预前问卷得分比较,均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。放射知识培训干预后问卷中放射危害、放射防护、放射卫生法律法规得分均高于干预前,均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。放射知识培训干预后放射工作人员人均年剂量当量低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 该市医院放射工作人员的个人剂量水平符合国家规定范围,岗位、工种、每周工作时间影响其暴露水平。放射知识培训干预能降低放射工作人员的暴露水平,工种影响其干预效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To study the individual dose of occupational exposure for radiation workers of 3 hospitals in a city and the intervention effects of the radiation knowledge training,which provide scientific basis for occupational health protection of radiation workers.Methods 79 radiation workers who came from three tertiary hospitals had 5 years of work experience from Dec 2008 to Dec 2010 were selected as research objects about the personal dose monitor.The 154 radiation workers had 2 years of work experience from Dec 2012 to Dec 2014 were selected as research objects to receive the radiological knowledge training.A questionnaire survey was conducted on all subjects using the “Medical Radiation workers’ Questionnaire” to find out their basic situation,work situation and so on.The same questionnaire survey was conducted respectively before and after the subjects received the radiological knowledge training to find out how much the score they got in radiation hazards knowledge,radiation protection knowledge and the knowledge of radiological laws and regulations.Using the thermoluminescence dosimeters to detect the subjects’ individual dose of external exposure, the subjects need to wear it on the left chest.One wearing period is 3 months and one year has four periods.Results (1) The results for individual dose surveillance:for all subjects were detected 395 times,the per capita annual dose was 0.90±0.36 mSv·a-1,which was much lower than the limit level (20 mSv·a-1) according to the “Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources”.The groups between different posts,different types and different work time all had significant difference (P＜0.05). (2) The research results for the radiation knowledge training:the score the subjects got before the radiation knowledge training in groups between different posts all had significant difference (P＜0.05).The score after the knowledge training was higher than the score before the training,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The per capita annual dose decreased after the knowledge training.And also,it had significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion The individual dose of the radiation workers of the hospitals in a city is in line with the national regulations.The posts,work types,work time influence the exposure level.The intervention of radiation knowledge training can reduce the exposure level and the posts may influence the intervention effects. |
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