| 付文学,何年安,赵志宏,等.脑卒中 1 046例颈动脉粥样硬化超声特点及危险因素分析[J].安徽医药,2020,24(8):1571-1574. |
| 脑卒中 1 046例颈动脉粥样硬化超声特点及危险因素分析 |
| Ultrasound characteristics and risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in 1 046 stroke patients |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009?6469.2020.08.023 |
| 中文关键词: 卒中 颈动脉内膜中膜厚度 颈动脉超声检查 动脉硬化 危险因素 |
| 英文关键词: Stroke Carotid intima?media thickness Carotid ultrasonography Atherosclerosis Risk factors |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的探讨脑卒中病人颈动脉粥样硬化的超声特点及主要危险因素，为脑卒中的防治提供科学依据。方法收集 2016年 1月至 2018年 5月安徽医科大学附属省立医院 1 046例脑卒中病人的临床及颈动脉超声检查资料，采用 χ2检验分析脑卒中病人颈动脉超声检查结果的特点及不同年龄组、不同慢性病之间超声检查结果的差异，采用 logistic回归分析颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。结果 1 046例脑卒中病人中，左侧颈动脉斑块形成发生率更高(62.72%)且更易多发(32.60%)。斑块检出率:颈总动脉(52.58%)＞颈动脉窦部(44.26%)＞颈内动脉(12.52%)。不同年龄组的脑卒中病，人颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)增厚、斑块形成、中度以上狭窄的发生率间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。合并高血压者颈动脉 IMT增厚、斑块形成、中度以上狭窄的检出率(87.73%、75.06%、9.95%)与无高血压者(77.57%、63.97%、4.78%，P＜0.05)比较差异有统计学意义；合并糖尿病者颈动脉 IMT增厚、斑块形成的检出率(90.14%，78.10%)与无糖尿病者(83.29%、70.08%，P＜0.05)比较差异有统计学意义；合并高血脂者颈动脉 IMT增厚的检出率(89.95%)与无高血脂者(83.87%，P＜0.05)比较差异有统计学意义。 logistic回归分析显示斑块形成的危险因素是高龄、男性、高血压、高体质量指数(BMI)；中度及以上狭窄的危险因素是高龄、男性、高血压。结论超声可有效评估脑卒中病人颈动脉粥样硬化的特点及危险因素，对有效预防颈动脉粥样硬化及脑卒中有重要价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the ultrasound characteristics and main risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in stroke patients， and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of stroke.Methods The clinical data and carotid ultrasound exami? nation data of 1 046 patients who were diagnosed as stroke were collected.The characteristics of carotid ultrasound findings instroke patients were analyzed by χ2test.Differences in ultrasound findings between different age groups and different chronic diseas? es by χ2test.The risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results Among 1 046 stroke patients， the incidence of left carotid plaque formation was higher(62.72%)and more common(32.60%).Plaque detection rate:common ca? rotid artery(52.58%)＞ carotid sinus(44.26%)＞ internal carotid artery(12.52%).There were significant differences in the inci? dence of carotid intima thickening，plaque formation，and moderate and above stenosis in stroke patients of different age groups(P＜0.05).The carotid intima thickening(87.73% vs. 77.57%)，plaque formation(75.06% vs. 63.97%)，moderate and above stenosis(9.95% vs. 4.78%)in patients with hypertension were higher than those in without hypertension，the difference was statistically sig? nificant(P＜0.05).The carotid intima thickening(90.14% vs. 83.29%) and the detection rate of plaque formation(78.10% vs.70.08%)in patients with diabetes mellitus were higher than those in patients without diabetes，the difference was statistically signif? icant(P＜0.05).The detection rate of carotid intima thickening in patients with hyperlipidemia(89.95% vs. 83.87%)was higher than that in patients without hyperlipidemia，the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for plaque formation were advanced age，male，hypertension，and high body mass index；the risk factors for moderate and above stenosis were advanced age，male，and hypertension.Conclusion Ultrasound can effectively evaluate the characteristics and risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with stroke，and is of great value in preventing carotid athero? sclerosis and stroke effectively. |
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