| 彭天元,徐庆连,蔡晨.2010—2014年烧伤科临床分离细菌分布及耐药性分析[J].安徽医药,2016,20(9):1776-1779. |
| 2010—2014年烧伤科临床分离细菌分布及耐药性分析 |
| Drug resistance and clinical distribution of non-fermentative bacteria in burns department from 2010 to 2014 |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 烧伤病房 微生物敏感性试验 抗药性,细菌 |
| 英文关键词: |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解临床分离细菌分布及耐药情况,为临床有效控制感染、使用抗菌药物提供一线临床依据。方法 对2010年至2014年5年间入住烧伤病房并送检且培养结果阳性患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 5年间共分离细菌542株中,相较革兰阳性菌(16.6%),革兰阴性菌(83.39%)多见,且革兰阳性菌检出率逐年降低。而经耐药性分析,仅革兰阴性菌检出率首位的铜绿假单胞菌头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(43.9%)及格兰阳性菌检出率首位的葡萄球菌属中奎奴普丁(1.27%)、复方新诺明(27.85%)和氯霉素(27.85%)敏感性较好外,两菌其余药物耐药率均大于50%。调查结果显示,烧伤因素和性别( χ2=24.318,P<0.001)显著相关；烧伤程度与住院时间差异有统计学意义(χ2=3,P<0.05)。与此同时,菌株来源与病原菌分布同样差异有统计学意义(χ2=29.632,P<0.005),且检出部位前两位均为创面与分泌物。结论 革兰阳性菌感染率下降,铜绿假单胞菌和葡萄球菌属耐药性增加,主要与经验性用药和抗菌药物滥用有关,建议根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the distribution and resistance to drug of bacteria isolated from the burn department from 2010 to 2014 for guiding the clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was made of bacteria in Burns Department from 2010 to 2014.Results 542 strains were isolated from burn patients.Compared with Gram-positive bacteria (16.6%),Gram-negative bacteria (83.39%) were the dominant in the clinical specimens and the detection rate of Gram-positive reduced gradually during the past 5 years.Only the resistant rates of P.aeruginosa to cefoperazone-sulbactam (43.9%) and of Staphylococcus to quinupristin (1.27%),sulfamethoxazole (27.85%) and chloramphenicolwere (27.85%) were sensitive respectively.Meanwhile other drugs’ resistant rates of them were all higher than 50%.The results showed obviously that the burn factors were significantly associated with gender ( χ2=24.318,P<0.001) and the extent of burn was also significantly associated with hospital stay (χ2=3,P<0.05).In the meantime bacteria source and pathogen strains distribution had great relationship with each other in statistics (χ2=29.632,P<0.005).Wounds and secretions detection rate were the two highest among them where bacteria were detected from.Conclusions The decrease in infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria and the increase in drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus to antibiotics are mainly related to empirical use and antibiotics abuse.So it is suggested that antimicrobials should be used according to the result of susceptibility test. |
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