| Objective To investigate the etiological distribution and clinical characteristics of patients with a disease characterizedby fever combined with lymphadenopathy at first visit and improve the clinical cognition and diagnosability of the disease. Methods From January 2020 to October 2022, 163 patients with fever combined with lymphadenopathy definitely diagnosed by lymph node biopsy and pathological examination for the first visit to Shanxi Bethune Hospital were collected and retrospectively analyzed. According to the etiology, they were divided into the infectious disease group (the "infection group"), the non-infectious inflammatory disease group (the "non-infection group"), the neoplastic disease and hematopoietic system disease group (the "neoplasm and hematopoiesis group"),and the group of other diseases (the "other group"). The clinical data of gender, age, duration of fever, characteristics of lymphadenopathy, accompanying symptoms, laboratory tests, lymph node pathology and other data were analyzed.Results Among the 163 patients, there were 63 (38.7%) in the infection group, 32 (19.6%) in the non-infection group, 31 (19.0%) in the neoplasm and hematopoiesisgroup, and 37 (22.7%) in the other group. As for the clinical characteristics, the gender, age, tenderness of lymph nodes, location oflymphadenopathy (head and neck/thorax/abdomen), generalized lymphadenopathy, and body weight loss within six months ≥ 10%showed statistically significant differences among the four groups (all P<0.05). According to the laboratory results, statistically significant differences were found in leukocyte count, neutrophil percentage, platelet count, total bilirubin, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and positive antinuclear antibodies among the four groups (all P<0.05).Conclusions The etiology of afever combined with lymphadenopathy is mainly infectious diseases, followed by other diseases, the former is more common with viralinfections, and the latter is dominated by necrotizing lymphadenitis. Preliminary differential diagnosis can be made through the patient's basic condition, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and lymph node biopsy is helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment. |
