| 刘畅,刘书亚,莫晓媚,等.儿童专科医院头孢菌素类药物皮肤试验管理实践效果分析[J].安徽医药,2024,28(6):1255-1258. |
| 儿童专科医院头孢菌素类药物皮肤试验管理实践效果分析 |
| Effect analysis of the cephalosporin skin test management in children's hospital |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2024.06.042 |
| 中文关键词: 头孢菌素类 皮肤试验 儿童 不良反应 次均药费 |
| 英文关键词: Cephalosporins Skin tests Children Adverse drug reaction Average drug cost per time |
| 基金项目:山东省医学会临床科研专项资金项目( YXH2021ZX019) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的探讨儿童专科医院病儿开展头孢菌素类药物皮肤试验的规范化管理和成效。方法回顾性分析 2019年 3月至 2020年 2月和 2020年 6月至 2021年 5月青岛市妇女儿童医院取消头孢菌素类药物常规皮试(仅保留说明书要求的头孢噻肟、头孢美唑皮试)前后，儿童病人头孢菌素类药物使用数据、药品不良反应情况以及抗菌药物使用强度、病人次均药品费用等指标变化情况，并对儿童病人皮试成本进行分析。结果头孢菌素皮试人次明显下降；保留常规皮试的头孢美唑、头孢噻肟消耗量降幅为 6.58%、4.73%，取消常规皮试的药物中头孢曲松消耗量增幅最高为 8.30%；各类头孢菌素药品不良反应(ADR)报告发生率均有提高( P<0.05)；取消头孢菌素皮试前后，头孢噻肟、头孢美唑与其他头孢菌素类药物间 ADR发生率相比，均差异无统计学意义；住院儿童皮试抗菌药物使用强度由 1.27 DDDs下降至 0.55 DDDs；门急诊、住院病儿次均皮试药品费用平均下降 1.00元、 10.41元；头孢菌素皮试总成本下降 80.87%。结论取消儿童病人常规头孢菌素皮肤试验后，有利于降低病人用药负担，减少抗菌药物使用的同时有效保证医疗质量与安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the standardized management and efficiency of cephalosporin skin test in pediatric patients in chil dren's hospital.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted before and after routine skin tests for cephalosporins were cancelled(only cefotaxime, cefomezole skin test required by the instructions) in Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital from March 2019 toFebruary 2020 and from June 2020 to May 2021. The use data of cephalosporins in children, adverse drug reactions, the intensity of antibacterial drug use, the average drug cost of patients and other indicators were changed, and the cost of skin test in children patientswas analyzed.Results The number of cephalosporin skin tests decreased significantly. The amount of cefotaxime and cefmetazole (requiring routine skin test) decreased by 6.58% and 4.73%, respectively, and the amounts of ceftriaxone not requiring routine skin test increased by 8.30%. The reported incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of all types of cephalosporins has increased (P<0.05). Compared with cephalosporins without routine skin tests, there were no significant difference in ADR incidence rates of cefotaxime and cefmetazole. The antibiotics use density of skin test in pediatric inpatients decreased from 1.27 DDDs to 0.55 DDDs. The average drugcost of outpatient and emergency children decreased by 1.00 yuan, and that of hospitalized children decreased by 10.41 yuan. From theperspective of the whole society, the cost of skin test of cephalosporin decreased by 80.87%.Conclusion The scientific and standard ized management of cephalosporin skin test in pediatrics could help patients to reduce the financial burden and to ensure the medicalquality and safety while reducing the use of antibiotics. |
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