| 朱瑞,赵青.2018—2021年山西地区 1 283例住院病儿轮状病毒肠炎的流行病学特征及临床分析[J].安徽医药,2024,28(9):1880-1884. |
| 2018—2021年山西地区 1 283例住院病儿轮状病毒肠炎的流行病学特征及临床分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics and clinical analysis of 1 283 hospitalized children with rotavirus enteritis in Shanxi Province from 2018—2021 |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2024.09.040 |
| 中文关键词: 轮状病毒感染 儿童 肠炎 腹泻 流行病学特征 危险因素 山西省 |
| 英文关键词: Rotavirus infections Children Enteritis Diarrhea Epidemiological characteristics Risk factors Shanxi prov- ince |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的了解山西地区儿童轮状病毒肠炎的流行病学及临床特征，分析重型轮状病毒肠炎危险因素，以早期识别重症病例，提高轮状病毒肠炎临床诊治水平及防控，从而减轻疾病负担。方法回顾性分析 2018年 1月至 2021年 12月于山西省儿童医院消化科住院治疗的急性腹泻病病儿 3 359例，总结轮状病毒肠炎流行病学特点及临床特征，并分析重型轮状病毒肠炎危险因素。结果 2018年 1月至 2021年 12月，因急性腹泻病入住消化科的住院病人 3 359例中轮状病毒检出 1 283例，检出率为 38.20%；时间分布，每年 12月至次年 2月是轮状病毒感染高峰季节， 8月、 9月、 10月最低；年龄分布，轮状病毒肠炎年龄( 1.53±0.92)岁， >1~2岁年龄组检出率最高( 52.16%)，6个月至 1岁年龄组次之；性别分布，男童检出率多于女童，比例为1.53∶1；地区分布，居住于城镇检出率显著高于农村；喂养方式分布， ≤6个月病儿中，非母乳喂养检出率高于母乳喂养；轮状病毒肠炎住院天数( 4.15±1.83)d，临床表现均为急性起病，主要表现为腹泻、呕吐、发热，常见合并症为脱水、代谢性酸中毒、电解质紊乱；轻型和重型轮状病毒肠炎在居住地区、年龄分组方面差异有统计学意义。经多因素分析，居住于乡村地区病儿发生重型轮状病毒肠炎的危险性是居住于城镇病儿的 1.42倍。结论山西地区轮状病毒肠炎高发季节是冬季，多见于 6个月至 2岁的婴幼儿，男童比女童更易感染轮状病毒，居住于城镇相比农村更易感染。但居住于农村地区病儿更易发生重型轮状病毒肠炎。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of rotavirus enteritis in children in Shanxi Prov-ince and to analyze the risk factors for severe rotavirus enteritis to identify severe cases at an early stage and improve the clinical diag-nosis and treatment of rotavirus enteritis and its prevention and control to reduce the burden of disease.Methods A retrospective anal-ysis of 3 359 children with acute diarrheal disease admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of Shanxi Children's Hospital fromJanuary 2018 to December 2021 was performed to summarize the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of rotavirus enter-itis and to analyze the risk factors for severe rotavirus enteritis.Results From January 2018 to December 2021, among the 3 359 hospi-talized patients admitted to the gastroenterology department due to acute diarrhea, 1 283 cases were detected for rotavirus, with a detec-tion rate of 38.20%. In terms of temporal distribution, the peak season for rotavirus infection was from December to February each year,with the lowest occurring in August, September and October. In terms of age distribution, rotavirus enteritis was detected at (1.53±0.92)years of age, with the highest detection rate (52.16%) in the age group of >1 to 2 years and the second highest in the age group of 6months to 1 year. In terms of gender distribution, the detection rate of boys was greater than that of girls, with a ratio of 1.53∶1. In terms of regional distribution, the detection rate was significantly greater in towns than in rural areas. In terms of feeding mode distribu-tion, the detection rate of nonbreastfeeding was greater than that of breastfeeding in children ≤ 6 months old. The number of days of hos-pitalization for rotavirus enteritis was (4.15±1.83) days. The clinical manifestations were all acute in onset, with diarrhea, vomiting, andfever as the main manifestations, and common comorbidities were dehydration, metabolic acidosis, and electrolyte disorders. The differ-ences between patients with mild and severe rotavirus enteritis were statistically significant in terms of area of residence and age group.After multifactorial analysis, the risk of severe rotavirus enteritis in children living in rural areas was 1.42 times greater than that inchildren living in towns.Conclusions The highest incidence of rotavirus enteritis in Shanxi Province is in the winter, and it is morecommon in infants and young children aged 6 months to 2 years. Boys are more likely to be infected with rotavirus than girls, and theyare more likely to be infected in towns than in rural areas. However, children living in rural areas were more likely to develop severe ro-tavirus enteritis. |
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