| 苏可欣,张怡,高文秀,等.黏膜相关恒定T细胞在急性病毒感染性疾病中的研究进展[J].安徽医药,待发表. |
| 黏膜相关恒定T细胞在急性病毒感染性疾病中的研究进展 |
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| 投稿时间：2026-04-21 录用日期：2026-05-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 黏膜相关恒定T细胞 急性病毒感染 免疫 免疫逃逸 |
| 英文关键词: |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 104 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 黏膜相关恒定T细胞（mucosal-associated invariant T cells, MAIT cells）是一类固有样T细胞。近年来的研究发现MAIT在不同疾病中都发挥了重要作用。在急性病毒感染中，它们通过细胞因子驱动强烈激活，并展现出复杂的双刃剑特性。这种反应在感染早期可通过产生IFN-γ等效应分子发挥保护作用，但在重症感染中，其过度激活则与疾病严重程度密切相关，成为驱动免疫病理损伤和细胞因子风暴的关键因素。本综述系统性地梳理了这一双重角色，并进一步探讨了MAIT细胞在感染期间的动态耗竭、病毒的免疫逃逸机制及其对宿主长期免疫健康造成的持久影响。最后，本文展望了基于调控MAIT细胞活性来治疗病毒性疾病的潜在前景与挑战。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a type of innate-like T cell. Recent studies have shown that MAIT cells play important roles in a variety of diseases. During acute viral infections, they are strongly activated by cytokine-driven responses and exhibit a complex dual role. In the early stages of infection, MAIT cells can exert protective effects by producing effector molecules such as IFN-γ. However, in severe infections, their overactivation is closely associated with disease severity and can drive immunopathological damage and cytokine storms. This review systematically summarizes this dual role and further explores the dynamic exhaustion of MAIT cells during infection, the mechanisms of viral immune evasion, and their long-term impact on host immune health. Finally, it discusses the potential prospects and challenges of targeting MAIT cell activity as a therapeutic strategy for viral diseases. |
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