| 曲扬.心力衰竭动物模型的中西医研究进展[J].安徽医药,2026,30(7):1280-1285. |
| 心力衰竭动物模型的中西医研究进展 |
| Progress in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine research on animal models of heart failure |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2026.07.002 |
| 中文关键词: 心力衰竭 疾病模型，动物 中医证型 高血压心衰 冠心病心衰 |
| 英文关键词: Heart failure Disease models, animal Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome types Hypertensive heart failure Coronary heart disease-related heart failure |
| 基金项目:云南省科技厅基础研究专项青年项目( 202001AU070127) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 心力衰竭简称心衰，是临床常见疾病。导致心衰的病因各不相同，为了更好地研究心衰，需要不同的心衰模型，心衰造模首选大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠和仓鼠等小型动物，常用的造模方法有手术方法、化学药物方法、基因修饰方法等。高血压心衰造模常选用压力负荷过载导致心衰模型，主要采用主动脉缩窄法、腹主动脉缩窄法以及自发性高血压大鼠诱导心衰模型。容量负荷导致心衰模型通常用于肺心病心衰的研究以及心脏瓣膜病心衰研究，冠脉结扎法造模心衰用于研究缺血性心脏病如冠心病心衰的研究，化学药物心衰造模主要用于研究扩张型心肌病以及某些化学药物导致急性或慢性心肌损伤，基因修饰法造模主要研究自发性高血压大鼠心衰，还有研究扩张型心肌病心衰模型以及其他心衰模型，但某些基因修饰心衰模型无法反映人类真正的疾病病理生理过程，具有一定局限性。左冠状动脉结扎法是构建气虚血瘀证大鼠心衰模型的关键，气阴两虚证心衰模型可采用盐敏感高血压大鼠构建或采用异丙肾上腺素腹腔注射加睡眠剥夺方法获得，阿霉素腹腔注射则是构建阳虚型心衰大鼠模型的关键。不同的心衰造模方法具有不同的优缺点和适用范围，研究人员可以根据自己的研究目的和需求选择合适的方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical disease, and the causes of HF vary among patients. In order to better study the dis-ease, it is necessary to summarize the methods for constructing animal models that reflect the common traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes of HF using various HF models. Small animals such as rats, mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters are the preferred sub-jects for HF modeling. Commonly used modeling methods include surgical procedures, chemical drug induction, and genetic modifica-tion. For hypertension-related HF modeling, pressure overload-induced HF models are commonly used, primarily including the trans-verse aortic constriction, abdominal aortic constriction, and HF models induced by spontaneously hypertensive rats. Volume overload-induced HF models are commonly used in the study of cor pulmonale-induced HF and valvular heart disease-induced HF. HF models established by coronary artery ligation are used for the study of ischemic heart diseases such as HF induced by coronary heart disease.Chemical drug-induced HF models are mainly used to study dilated cardiomyopathy and acute or chronic myocardial injury caused bycertain chemical drugs. Genetic modification is used to establish HF models primarily for the study of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)-induced HF, as well as models of dilated cardiomyopathy-related HF and other types of HF. However, certain genetically modi-fied HF models cannot fully replicate the true pathophysiological process of human diseases, which presents certain limitations. Leftcoronary artery ligation is the key method for constructing a rat model of HF with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. A HF modelwith Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome can be constructed using salt-sensitive hypertensive rats or by intraperitoneal injection of isopren-aline combined with sleep deprivation. Intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin is the key method for constructing a rat model of HFwith Yang-deficiency syndrome.Different HF modeling methods have distinct advantages, disadvantages and scopes of application. Re-searchers can choose the appropriate method according to their own research objectives and needs. |
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