| 庄婧,高月.2017年某医院感染情况调查与分析[J].安徽医药,2020,24(6):1198-1201. |
| 2017年某医院感染情况调查与分析 |
| nvestigation and analysis of hospital infection in 2017 |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009?6469.2020.06.035 |
| 中文关键词: 交叉感染 抗药性，细菌 微生物敏感性试验 病原菌 分布 监测分析 |
| 英文关键词: Cross infection Drug resistance,bacterial Microbial sensitivity tests Pathogenic bacteria Distribution Monitoring and analysis |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的监测 2017年某医院感染发生、分布状况及多重耐药菌分布，为医院感染控制提供防控策略，降低医院感染率。方法回顾性分析泗阳县人民医院 2017年 1—12月期间住院病人 9 750例的临床资料，利用医院感染监控管理系统对医院感染率、感染部位、细菌耐药情况及多重耐药菌分布情况等进行数据分析。结果 9 750例病人，发生医院感染 297例次，医院感染患病率为 3.05%。感染率居前三位的科室依次为:重症监护室( ICU)、呼吸科、神经科，分别占 6.12%，4.55%，3.84%。共检出 423株病原菌，其中革兰阳性菌有 94株，占 22.22%，革兰阴性菌有 288株，占 68.09%，真菌 41株，占 9.69%。医院感染病原菌主要分布在上、下呼吸道、泌尿道和手术切口。表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是检出率较高的主要革兰阳性菌，除对万古霉素，亚胺培南敏感性较强，对其他抗菌药均有不同程度的耐药。铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌是检出率较高的主要革兰阴性菌，除对亚胺培南、哌拉西林 /他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦和阿米卡星有较强的敏感性外，对其他抗菌药均有不同程度的耐药。多重耐药菌监测结果显示共检出多重耐药菌 22株，主要为大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等。结论医院感染主要以革兰阴性菌感染为主；产超广谱 β?内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌为主要的多重耐药菌。正确合理地使用抗菌药物，临床治疗应根据药敏试验结果合理选择药物，以降低医院感染率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To monitor the occurrence and distribution of hospital infection and the distribution of multidrug?resistantbacteria in a hospital in 2017 for providing prevention and control strategies for hospital infection control and reducing hospital in?fection rate.Methods Clinical data of 9 750 hospitalized patients in Siyang People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed，and hospital infection rate，infection site，bacterial resistance and distribution of multidrug?resis?tant bacteria were analyzed using hospital infection monitoring and management system.Results There were 297 cases of nosoco? mial infection and the incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.05%.The first three departments of infection rate were intensive careunit(ICU)，respiratory department and neurology department，which accounted for 6.12%，4.55% and 3.84% respectively.A total of 423 pathogenic bacteria were detected，of which 94 strains were gram?positive bacteria，accounting for 22.22%，288 strains were gram?negative bacteria，accounting for 68.09%，and 41 strains were fungi，accounting for 9.69%.The pathogenic bacteria of nosoco? mial infection are mainly distributed in upper and lower respiratory tract，urinary tract and surgical incision.Staphylococcus epider? midis，enterococcus and staphylococcus aureus are the main gram?positive bacteria with high detection rate.Besides，they have strong sensitivity to vancomycin and imipenem，and they have different resistance to other antimicrobials.Pseudomonas aeruginosa， klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli were the main gram?negative bacteria with high detection rate.Except for strong sensitiv?ity to imipenem，piperacillin/tazobactam，cefoperazone/sulbactam and amikacin，they were different resistance to other antibiotics.The monitoring results showed that 22 strains of multidrug?resistant bacteria were detected，acinetobacter，baumannii and staphylo? coccus aureus.Conclusions The main nosocomial infection was gram?negative bacteria infection.Ec(ESBLs+)was the mian multi? drug?resistant bacteria.Proper and reasonable use of antimicrobial agents，clinical treatment should be based on the results of sus? ceptibility test to reduce hospital infection rate. |
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